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Making your garden safe for children

Gardens are generally safe and interesting places, and children often love spending time in them. But gardens aren’t always designed with children in mind.

Supervising your young child is the best way to avoid danger in the garden, but this isn’t always possible. This means it’s very important to make the garden safe.

Start by getting familiar with poisonous and dangerous plants. This way you can avoid growing any dangerous plants. You can also identify dangerous plants already in your garden and either fence them off or remove them until your child is old enough to learn not to eat strange plants. This is usually around 3 years.

Dangerous plants

Common or pink oleander (Nerium oleander) and yellow oleander (Thevetia peruviana)
Every part of these plants, including the seeds, is poisonous. If eaten, these plants can cause dizziness, vomiting, diarrhoea, irregular heartbeat, dilated pupils, coma and death.

Oleander

Mushrooms and toadstools
There are many poisonous species. Most of the poisonous species – like death caps and the red and white fly agaric – are found in forests and parklands rather than backyards. But it’s worth clearing all mushrooms or toadstools from your yard and garden until your child is old enough to know not to touch and eat them. If eaten, poisonous mushrooms can cause nausea, flushing, vomiting, diarrhoea and even death.

Mushrooms

White cedar tree (Melia azedarach)
This is a native tree. Eating the fruits can cause nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea, lethargy, confusion, coma and seizures.

White cedar tree

Toxic but less dangerous plants

Castor oil plant (Ricinus communis)
This is a common weed with toxic seeds, flowers and leaves. Chewing and swallowing a few seeds can cause severe nausea, vomiting, diarrhoea and stomach pain.

Castor oil plant

Coral tree (Erythrina genus)
The leaves, bark and seeds are poisonous. The seeds are particularly toxic for children. If eaten, they can cause shortness of breath, weakness and light-headedness.

Coral tree

Deadly nightshade (Atropa belladonna)
The attractive, round, purple or black berries on this plant are highly toxic. If eaten, these berries can cause drowsiness, skin discolouration, fever, vomiting, confusion and hallucinations.

Deadly nightshade

Golden dewdrop (Duranta erecta)
Also known as sky flower, this is a common weed with pretty but poisonous leaves and berries. If eaten, these parts of the plant can cause nausea or vomiting, drowsiness, convulsions, fast heart rate, fever and in some cases death.

Golden dewdrop

Rhus or wax tree (Toxicodendron succedaneum)
Also known as poison ivy, this plant can trigger strong allergic reactions in many people, causing rashes, skin discolouration, itchiness and blisters over the course of a week or longer. Avoid contact, even contact with clothing or tools, or exposure to sawdust or ash from the plant. Wear protective clothing when removing the plant.

Rhus Wax tree

If you or someone in your care might have eaten a poisonous plant, immediately call the Poisons Information Centre on 131 126 for advice – 24 hours a day, 7 days a week, Australia wide. If you need to go to hospital, try to take a piece of the plant with you for identification purposes. It’s a good idea to keep the Poisons Information Centre number in your phone or on your fridge.

Plants to treat with caution

Angel’s trumpet (Brugmansia genus)
The flowers, seeds and nectar are poisonous. If eaten, this plant can cause skin discolouration and fast heart rate.

Angel trumpet

Arum lily (Zantedeschia aethiopica)
If chewed, all parts of the plant can cause irritation and mouth pain.

Arum lily

Belladonna lily (Amaryllis belladonna)
The sap and bulb are especially toxic to children. If eaten, this plant can cause dilated pupils and fast heart rate.

Amaryllis belladonna

Bulbs
Bulbs include agapanthus, autumn crocus, clivia, daffodil, hippeastrum, hyacinth, lily of the valley, tulips and some irises. Bulbs can be poisonous. If eaten, they can cause nausea and vomiting.

Agapanthus

Cacti and other succulents (fleshy plants)
Children can cut themselves or injure their eyes on the spikes.

Cacti

Chillies
If your child puts a chilli in their mouth or touches one then rubs their eyes, it could be uncomfortable or even painful.

Chillies

Cycads
The bright yellow and red seeds are used in bush tucker, but only after the toxins have been leached out. They’re poisonous if you eat them fresh from the branch. If eaten, the seeds can cause nausea, vomiting and weakness.

Cycads

Daphne
All parts of this plant are poisonous, especially the attractive berries. If eaten, this plant can cause vomiting, diarrhoea and a burning sensation in the mouth or stomach.

Daphne

Dumb cane (Dieffenbachia genus)
If eaten, this plant can irritate the mouth and cause swelling.

Dumb cane

Euphorbia genus
The sap from these common plants can cause severe pain. The sap can also injure the eyes, although this is rare. Also known as spurge and milkweed, this genus includes Poinsettia, a popular Christmas plant.

Euphorbia

Grevilleas (especially ‘Robyn Gordon’ and Robusta)
Some grevillea species can trigger itching, skin discolouration and rashes if children have an allergic reaction on contact.

Grevillea

Hemlock (poison parsley) and water hemlock (cowbane)
These are commonly found toxic plants. If eaten, these plants can cause nausea, vomiting, dilated pupils and skin discolouration.

Hemlock

Lantana
If eaten, this flowering shrub, especially the green berries, can cause stomach pains, jaundice (yellow skin) and muscle weakness.

Lantana

Sticky weed or asthma weed (Parietaria judaica)
Eating this plant can cause asthma attacks and skin allergies.

Sticky weed

If you don’t know whether the plants in your garden are safe, ask your local nursery for advice. You can also get a list of poisonous plants from your nursery or local council. And to find out more about dangerous plants, visit the Queensland Poisons Information Centre.

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Raising Children Network is supported by the Australian Government. Member organisations are the Parenting Research Centre and the Murdoch Childrens Research Institute with The Royal Children’s Hospital Centre for Community Child Health.

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