What are cholinergic agents?
Cholinergic agents are drugs that affect the part of the brain involved in learning, short-term memory, arousal and reward. Some of the drugs used as cholinergic agents include memantine, rivastigmine and donepezil.
Who are cholinergic agents for?
The therapy can be used for autistic people and also people with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and Alzheimer’s disease. Studies suggest the treatment might be more beneficial for older children and teenagers.
What are cholinergic agents used for?
This therapy aims to help autistic people feel less irritable. It also aims to improve the speech and behaviour of autistic people.
Where does cholinergic agent therapy come from?
In the past, cholinergic agents have been used in the treatment of conditions like Alzheimer’s disease, attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and schizophrenia. More recently, the safety and effectiveness of these drugs has been examined for use with autistic people.
What is the idea behind cholinergic agent therapy?
The brain is full of pathways and systems that control different functions, like how we learn and how memory works. Within the brain, cholinergic systems help control and regulate our thinking. These systems use a chemical called acetylcholine to transmit signals or impulses.
If areas of the brain are low in acetylcholine, cholinergic agents can be used to stimulate acetylcholine in the brain and improve how the brain works.
What does the use of cholinergic agents involve?
This therapy involves taking medication or applying a patch to the skin. The specific medication and dosage depend on each person’s symptoms.
Cost considerations
The cost of this therapy varies depending on the brand of drug used and the drug dose or strength. It also depends on whether the drug is covered by the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) and whether you hold a concession card like a Health Care Card.
Does cholinergic agent therapy work?
This therapy has not yet been rated. There’s little or no evidence of any benefit and some evidence of the possibility of harm.
Who practises this method?
GPs, paediatricians or child psychiatrists can give you information about the potential benefits and risks of using cholinergic agents.
Parent education, training, support and involvement
If your child is using cholinergic agents, you need to ensure that your child takes the medication as required. You also need to monitor the effects of the medication.
Where can you find a practitioner?
If you’re interested in cholinergic agents, it’s best to talk about this therapy with your GP, paediatrician or a child psychiatrist.
Go to Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Psychiatrists – Find a psychiatrist.
There are many therapies for autism. They range from those based on behaviour and development to those based on medicine or alternative therapy. Our article on types of interventions for autistic children takes you through the main therapies, so you can better understand your child’s options.